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Are you saying you should or shouldn't resample?
What I say doesn't matter; as you suggest, there's going to be resampling in the print process anyway. I was just illustrating how much of an enlargement is involved, something which you can get away with in video (e.g. displaying HD on a 40" screen) because the eye is fooled by motion and fills in the blanks. On a still image, especially one already full of compression artefacts as a screen grab from a video stream will be, it's harder to get away with.
Do the units, it's 23 ppi. dpi is a measure of output device resolution, not a property of an image. Here it would be the density of dots of ink. Which is highly dependent on the print process and independent of image data resolution.
Are you saying you should or shouldn't resample?