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OOC - out of competition. Some drugs are banned in competition, but can be used out of competition. Cocaine, as an example.
No TUE is required to take these if you're only using it out of competition, but it needs to be out of your system before you compete again, otherwise you can fail a test. Sometimes, as an insurance policy, a TUE is applied for just in case it hasn't cleared before you race again.
I don't think using a TUE 3 times a year would be enough to cover up a doping program either.