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I ran an 11 speed chain on a bike with a 7 speed cassette, it's fine
It can be a problem with full width 3/32" sprockets and chainrings. 8-speed chain is safe on anything up to 8-speed, 11-speed chain will work on anything from 9-speed up. As you have discovered, a lot of pre-9-speed kit was made under-sized and will happily live with 11/128" chain, but you can't guarantee that all of it was.
I ran an 11 speed chain on a bike with a 7 speed cassette, it's fine, it's usually the other way that cause problem.