I suspect the issue is that correlation and causation are being conflated.
Cyclists wearing headphones may cycle in a way that suggests that they are totally disconnected from their environment- but this isn't caused by the headphones, it's caused by the cyclist.
However they are a good sign that the person wearing them is likely to be an inattentive cyclist.
In my, admittedly, anecdotal experience, which has not been lab tested etc etc.
I suspect the issue is that correlation and causation are being conflated.
Cyclists wearing headphones may cycle in a way that suggests that they are totally disconnected from their environment- but this isn't caused by the headphones, it's caused by the cyclist.
However they are a good sign that the person wearing them is likely to be an inattentive cyclist.
In my, admittedly, anecdotal experience, which has not been lab tested etc etc.