Refined estimate: Mach 2 to Mach 3, depending on which value of the autoignition temperature of paper you use, which to some extent depends on the duration of exposure as well as the composition, and assuming that the blunt leading edge is essentially at the stagnation temperature of the flow.
Obviously both the helmet and the rider's head will be ripped apart by the aerodynamic forces before heating becomes the key problem, but it's as well to understand correctly the order in which problems need to be addressed :-)
Refined estimate: Mach 2 to Mach 3, depending on which value of the autoignition temperature of paper you use, which to some extent depends on the duration of exposure as well as the composition, and assuming that the blunt leading edge is essentially at the stagnation temperature of the flow.
Obviously both the helmet and the rider's head will be ripped apart by the aerodynamic forces before heating becomes the key problem, but it's as well to understand correctly the order in which problems need to be addressed :-)