In your case, 12mm nipples would leave you 5mm of thread engagement and spoke threads just covered. I think 5mm is enough to resist pull-out, but having the spoke not reach up to the bottom of the slot increases the chance the nipple will snap. The only way to fix that is longer spokes.
If you have 12 mm sapim polyax to hand, i'd say use them. If you're buying new nipples anyway get DT swiss 14 mm for an extra 1 mm of thread engagement.
In your case, 12mm nipples would leave you 5mm of thread engagement and spoke threads just covered. I think 5mm is enough to resist pull-out, but having the spoke not reach up to the bottom of the slot increases the chance the nipple will snap. The only way to fix that is longer spokes.
If you have 12 mm sapim polyax to hand, i'd say use them. If you're buying new nipples anyway get DT swiss 14 mm for an extra 1 mm of thread engagement.