• The reason Armstrong got off is due to technicalities, namely as the test was being conducted as research, to test the EPO urine test, then it didn't follow the correct anti-doping procedure, especially with regard to a and b samples. However, the science behind the test cannot be doubted, there was traces of synthetic EPO in the urine.

    Damien Ressiot, the journalist who wrote the story, had access to the numbers on the samples. He then requested that the UCI provide him with the details against those numbers and, from this, deduced who they belonged to. There is no doubt they were Armstrong's.

    So we have Armstrong's urine with EPO in it. No case was bought because the UCI, led at the time by Hein Verbruggen, effectively washed their hands of it.

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