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@Max
Standard chainline measurements are as follows but in practise can (and normally do) vary a fair bit:
Track and singlespeed road = 42mm
Road double inner ring /outer ring = 41mm/46mm
Singlespeed mountain bike = 54mm
Mountain bike triple; middle ring/**outer ring = 48-50mm/52-54mm **
If using a normal cassette MTB hub to make a singlespeed then usually the front single ring goes on the outer position and the rear cog is spaced with thin spacers to match. If your front chainline is 51mm you will not want the cog all the way over by the inside of the dropout.
To be exact it will need to be 16.5mm from the inner face of the driveside dropout.
Within a couple of mm is ok though.
You will need about 5mm of spacers between the cog lockring and cog.