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I think Condor at one point made a fixed gear frameset with horizontal dropouts precisely for this reason, as the frame was designed for commuting/audax with mudguards. I had a Surly crosscheck set up fixed like this and it worked well.
As @hollow__legs says you end up with a gap at the front of the mudguard which doesn't look great. Velo Orange make a spring loaded nut and bolt to help - it holds the mudguard close to the tyre and then you can push against the spring if you need to remove the wheel https://velo-orange.com/products/spring-thing?srsltid=AfmBOoqZPrGmxj8zFrNDAFMahqMMoeH5FiIpwL2FKOM43NBh8PJqVQup
Momentum-
I think Condor at one point made a fixed gear frameset with horizontal dropouts precisely for this reason
This sounds interesting, but I really don't quite understand how this was supposed to work.
For what it's worth, I have tried removing the back wheel from my Gillott (see post 2980 above) and it's tight, but it can just be done without delating the tyre. It's perhaps worth noting that this frame is now quite a way from the builder's original intentions, since it now has Campag ends and 700 wheels (probably intended for 26" since it dates from about 1950)
clubman
There is a much simpler solution.
The forward opening dropouts which were a standard feature on road frames for many decades (say 1910 - 1980, at least) are angled down towards the front. This is precisely to maintain the correct angle of the brake blocks (pads if you will) as the wheel moves in the
fork end.
The attached pic of my Gillott shows this angle - I could find a clearer example, but I happen to have this one conveniently to hand.
A question: for non track use, can anyone explain why it is better to have rearward opening ends for fixed?
I can see disadvantages (eg: with mudguards it's difficult to get the wheel out to change a punctured tube), but no real advantages.