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Is it even true that your power output in TT position can ever equal your output on hoods or in drops?
I don't see why it shouldn't. Assuming we're talking power output over the likely time period for a race, power output is going to be largely dependent upon aerobic capacity, and there's no reason why that should be affected by a TT position unless it's so extreme the rider can't breathe properly any more.
Brommers-
It’s largely accepted that you’ll be less powerful when in TT position.
Your aerobic capacity is the same, but the biomechanics and efficiency getting it to the pedals is compromised mainly by a tighter hip angle. Folding at the waist will hamper the diaphragm and reduce effective lung capacity. It’s also just uncomfortable and requires extra effort (watts) to maintain.
dbr
Is it even true that your power output in TT position can ever equal your output on hoods or in drops? I don't think that's something I've ever heard or read, so not something I've been chasing. Just accepted.
I figured that yes... there's a drop in power output, but you're still working as hard as you would be if out of position. So by improving your power in position; you're actually improving your fitness, and thus your out of position power ftp improves.
Wouldn't ones power capability in TT position be more a function of position? Hip angle, position over BB, comfort etc.
But what you loose in power through the bike, you gain back twice over (or more) in aerodynamics. So it's well worth the 10-15% drop.