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avoid running any physical tests
No, standards compliance is still based on passing physical tests.
As far as threaded fasteners are concerned, the tension needed to avoid loosening is primarily determined by the thread size and material, as is the maximum before yield. That's why all your steel into aluminium M5 stem bolts are 4-6Nm regardless of who made them.
On a bicycle where hoop stress is what determines whether the clamped component slips or not, the max/min are quite well constrained by market forces, so manufacturers can design to those to avoid most issues even with mixed components.
gbj_tester
@Fishfabs
I wonder how manufacturers actually determine if something is 2NM or 4NM toque.....
I really mean: I wonder is anything is tested in real life anymore, or if enough data is in the software/charts to avoid running any physical tests any more.....