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many western countries have secret courts overseeing national security issues
We have that in the UK. I've had jobs in the past where if I did the wrong thing I could in theory find myself charged with a crime where I would be tried in a closed court which I wasn't allowed in and my representation would be by a lawyer I hadn't chosen who wouldn't be able to discuss the details with me. Buried somewhere in Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000.
One thing someone recently mentioned, and not in a conspiracist way, was that many western countries have secret courts overseeing national security issues. At least in the US, people summoned or presented to the court often have very intense gag orders, so they can’t breath a word about the proceedings without guaranteed federal prison time.
I’m no fan of telegram as it’s a well known tool of the Russian state, but arresting a CEO because of something like a lack of moderators on their site feels like a stretch and a dangerous precedent.