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I don't know about more durable (my 700C wheels are plenty durable) but it might allow you to fit a bigger tyre and that means you can run it at lower pressure so you get a bit more cushion while you're pushing.
Where is your clearance issue coming from currently? Is it width or height of the tyre that's going to limit you? Wider rims can help flatten out a tyre. Some tyres are more squared off than round and some sit taller, so tyre choice can make a difference to clearance as well.
But I don't see why 650B wouldn't work on that bike. You might limit your tyre choice a bit though.
I have a Trek FX3 disc 2021 and looking to make it more comfortable and durable on shit roads during the commute.
Is it possible to swap out the 700c wheels to 650b?
I wouldn't be after a deeper tread tyre, just a slightly wider than what the current set up can go to (35c with mudguards).