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Massive increases in population competing for a finite amount of housing.
It only takes a small reduction in supply to set off increases in prices.
Also there is a limited amount of land in many large cities. People don’t want to live too far from work/school/shopping so they become more concentrated.
What really bothers me is the conversion of agricultural land to subdivisions. A lot of the Fraser Valley east of Vancouver and a lot of the Okanagan area has been consumed by urban sprawl. This means Canada will no longer be self sufficient for food supply.
This is the issue though isn't it - it becomes really chicken and egg. Demand continues because some people have made enough on property that they can fund children's House purchases / leave big inheritances - that then contributes to prices being high, prices are high so more and more people feel they need to be able to do that to help, the cycle continues...
Not easy to see a way out tbh