Usually there will be a surround or similar which will hide any small mistakes around the hole but it is possible to do it neatly - given time and patience. Core drill is easier though.
I've used a 50mm core drill bit to chain drill a 150mm hole - overlapping holes proved fairly easy to tidy up with a chisel (1990s bricks). My rather modest corded drill was man enough for the 50mm bit I already owned - I suspect it would have failed expensively if I tried a 150mm bit!
If you can’t get a core drill you could drill ‘normal holes’ and chisel the rest out.
Just a thought.