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Whether the regime believes it or not it's exactly what they say they fear. There's some evidence that they do believe it, either just lipservice or genuinely held belief but to all intents and purposes those are no different.
It honestly seems to me that the "exceptionalism" that is caused by being a superpower/empire builder that then fails is a root cause. Why look inwards when you can maintain that you're better than the others and they've dragged you down... also looking at the US and UK here. Cynically, politicians can leverage this feeling in people that they're oppressed by "them" to justify any old shit.
Apparently how it is being pitched on a flagship news show
https://twitter.com/BBCSteveR/status/1503048996205600769