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Absolutely.
If you're heavy lifting and bulking and eating more on a rest day to fuel recovery and growth, higher intake on days with higher energy expenditure makes sense.Feeling awful post workout is mainly due to low blood sugar and low glycogen stores, so if you have more carbs prior to, and after workout, then you should feel quite a lot better.
If you find that you're muscles are really sore for ages, you're body is clearly not fuelled enough to recover fast.
It looks like you are keeping your general food intake at a dependable 1500-1600 calories.
So unless you are heavily reducing carbs, I would suggest specifically fuelling your workouts.
With your caloric deficit, you could probably eat exactly the calories needed to replace your cycling calorie burn, and still make fast progress. I'd go for more satisfying food choices pre/during/post workout than energy gels though.
2 hours on the bike will be at least 1000 kcals, which is the equivalent of 10 medium bananas, or 2 very large bowls of porridge.