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Another point to bring up is that legal precedents like this one immediately become part of
the UK's written constitution

They don't. A jury verdict does not set precedent.

1. Does this create a precedent? Does it mean that anybody can now pull down a statute of somebody they don’t like without consequence?
   
   

No. And no. Jury verdicts create no precedent in law. If a case with exactly the same facts were tried tomorrow by a different jury, that jury would be entitled to convict.