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The "they" in that sentence is all the other subscribers, and in the case of loss making nationalised enterprises, tax payers.
Yes, that's the point of something like a universal service obligation - it socialises the costs for those members of society who would otherwise be excluded.
It's a benefit for said society.
But, and this is the important bit, the universal service obligation means that for your £118 or whatever it is they'll spend £180,000 running a cable out to you.