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I read some online discussions that digital vernier calipers using a larger CR2032 battery retain their power for longer.
However, some of the cheaper digital ones are only accurate to 0.2mm so I don't think that would be sufficient to measure seat-post diameters, which come in increments of 0.2mm. For example, a Moore & Wright Polycarbonate Digital Caliper retails at £23 with an accuracy of 0.2mm, while their IP54 Water Resistant Caliper costs £67 and has accuracy of 0.03mm.
I have the Clarke CM145 (looks like they're rebranded as a bunch of others at a similar price) and they're fine for hobby-ist / bike related things. i.e. what size is this thing.
For professional engineering use it's probably worth investing in a mitutoyo, as others have mentioned. But for occasional use the cheap ones measure things accurately enough for my needs.