Does anyone know anything about gardening?

I took a few rose cuttings ages ago. Two made it and have started to sprout(sp?), one even has a flower. They were both in the same pot.

I was going to gift one, so repotted them. Neither had any roots. They just had nodule type things a bit like in this pic I found online.

However, the soil in the pot has a lot of perlite so Idk if some of that could have just got stuck. Shudda taken a pic at the time.

Two questions:

1. Can they be planted in the ground? My gut says no and I should hold off on gifting.
   
2. How long does it take for them to develop roots? I'm quite surprised there weren't any when one is flowering.
   
   

New better pic now attached.

Any other thoughts or tips appreciated.

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