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I think the thing with tarp / sail is that unless stretched super taught it will flap in wind and sag and collect rain - so a fixed pergola with horizontal slats as per the example above is better long term. External mounted awnings are used a lot in hot European countries and you can get them here but good ones get expensive.
You can geolocate a model in SketchUp and get the correct sun path to test shading efficiency of a design.