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https://www.canon.co.uk/for_home/product_finder/cameras/digital_camera/powershot/powershot_d30/
Not likely to be very good image quality, but might survive your back sweat.
G7x or Sony RX100 will be good, though a step below micro 43 or APS-c.
What is your tolerance for size and weight?
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Not a bad shout. Doesn't sound like it's super waterproof but I wouldn't be submerging it. No idea how its image quality would stack up against the G7X but then I've been using a phone for fscking ages now so either would probably be an improvement.
I'd want it to be smaller than my G3 was. Missus has an old Ixus that's a decent size. Small size is why the Ricoh interested me.
I think M are too big. It could go in a top tube bag or perhaps I'd just ziplock it or wedge my wallet in between so it's less sweat drenched. Though this is another reason to consider water-proof options. Does Canon do any 'tough' stuff?