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Hard to make an accurate guess but things I've seen being blamed in NL are: Sinterklaas, which is essentially the Netherlands' Christmas day (December 5th), and Black Friday (in store sales).
And anecdotally, any time a neighbouring country goes into lockdown, you usually get an influx of tourists from that country. Still seeing German and French tourists around now. Lots of people still working in offices too.
So what happened around December 2nd that has accelerated Covid in Netherlands and Sweden?
Obviously the UK came out of the second lockdown.