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Science then
The dismal science. It's perfectly ordinary economic theory that if you put the cost of travel up, then marginal journeys will be forgone. It's also pretty well established that wealth generates flexibilty, so poor people are penalised by regulations and taxes more than rich people, because they are mostly not able to avoid the imposition, and if they do they are much less able to generate the value forgone by alternative economic activity.
Oh right. Science then.