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Hello,
So the guage went high and no fan cut in.
Mechanic sounds like an utter cnut for not telling you or fixing the issue even after getting the car back to replace the water pump.I'd check that the fan motor still turns, with the ignition off, so you can see if its free and not seized. Then if it free look at the thermoswitch. Looking at the photos here the thermoswitch is at the opposite of the water pipes, unplug the connecter and short the two terminals with a cable and see if the fan operates. If the fan operates then the thermoswitch has failed. If nothing happens so check the fuse isn't blown.
That is one of the things that can happen too. But first to see if the water is circulating.
Can you reach the front of the radiator to see if there are any noted cold spots.