• Dryocosmos kuriphilus has a specific adaptation for rapidly infesting a stand of sweet chestnut;
    it reproduces parthogenetically.
    It is very likely the original infestation in Mad Bess Wood was from a solitary female.
    Hornets, knowing there is always an easy meal at a bee hive, or from roadkill carrion, are unlikely to be actively hunting/patrolling a stand of sweet chestnut.

    The current hope for European sweet chestnut is the introduction of Torymus sinensis kamija.

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