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I don't understand why they didn't arrive at ISIS directly
Octalink was a Shimano proprietary product. ISIS was a response from a few other players to offer a similar axle without paying licensing fees. Shimano continued to produce Octalink up to Claris 2400 at least, long after ISIS was abandoned as a mainstream product.
Shimano got it wrong in v1 in terms of MTB use; while the short splines are OK for pedalling forces, they tend to strip out the cranks when people land jumps
This sums it up fairly good
To be honest I don't understand why they didn't arrive at ISIS directly, maybe there's some engineering point with the shallow edges?