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This is the essence of 'frost-free' fridges.
You mean freezers :) they have a heating element in the back panel to melt any build up. The water as you say then escapes out the back. Common failure is the heating element failing.
Our ancient fridge freezer has a condensation collector in the fridge bit but as the back panel will not go zero or below obvs there’s no heater in there. If the outlet gets blocked water then collects at the bottom of the fridge. Gross. Of course the freezer bit freezes up like a bastard
Howard
NotThamesWater
This is the essence of 'frost-free' fridges.
Water vapour condenses on the internal back panel of the fridges and collects in the 'gutter' that drains out into the collector on top of the compressor.
Gunk eventually grows in the hole/grommit and prevents egress.
The 'frost-free' fridge then freezes up at the gutter.
Modern fridges have shelves with upstands at the rear edge to prevent stored food/containers contacting the back panel to allow the condensed moisture free drainage.