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Do you have a link to that in the Guardian (the cycling, not the jugging) ?
The theory being, I think, that exercise is allowed only when done close to home (jogging within a radius of 2km from your home) and when you go out cycling you are obviously going much further from home. I think it's partly to counter the "that's not fair, if if they're allowed to do that, then why can't I do this" argument, plus just the general logic of not doing things with potential for accidents, and therefore not putting more pressure on medical services.
Not being selfish, basically.
Depends what you mean by cycling. Even if you meant Lycra cycling, the answer is just maybe.
The new rules apply to all forms of leisure and sport activites, not just cycling. So that´s jogging, walking, canoeing, bird watching, strolling along a beach or whatever. The statement by the sport minister was vague: outdoorsyness still allowed within close proximity to place of residence provided some form of certificate is carried.
I´ve found no official source to back up (false) reports that cycling has been altogether banned in France or Spain, where it is still allowed as a mode of transport.
In Spain, all road users, not just cyclists, are being stopped and asked to prove their journeys are essential.
Belgium has taken a completely different approach in ENCOURAGING people to take outdoor exercise in all its forms provided they do it in family groups, singly or in pairs.