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I think it depends on the fuel, I know my fuel injected bike uses less if I fill it up with leaded 110 race gas (not enough to offset the $9 gallon ....) Feels a LOT crisper and peppy too which must be the computer giving it more timing.
They use boat loads of ethanol here because of environmental regs and to pad cheap fuel. It actually boosts the octane yet Ethanol has a much lower calorific value than gas.
Citation needed. Generally speaking lower octane fuels have a higher calorific value, but are more inclined to detonation. Unless your car's ECU has knock detection, and backs off the ignition timing significantly with lower octane fuel, it won't affect consumption rates. However, it may well up limiting maximum boost in an engine with knock detection and turbos.