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I have heard lots of quotes about how electric cars have a massive impact on air quality and the environment, but as far as I can see it is a selling point and not based in fact. There are no exhaust emissions at a local level, and that's it. They have batteries and lots of technology that is extremely carbon and or energy dependent to make, and which has a finite lifespan.
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Thats a big deal though for those living in an urban environment. While you may be shifting emissions from tail pipe to power station, power stations are generally located with far fewer receptors and with far greater dispersion of the pollutants. It still isn't great but it is better for many people with breathing issues.
That's a pretty big "all" though. The impact on air quality and the environment as a whole from petrol / diesel vehicles is massive.
No they don't address the other problems, but that doesn't negate or minimise the ones that are being addressed. It's a bit like the US switch to shale gas - is it ideal? No, but is it an immediate and easy way to shelve the coal industry? Yes.
Moreover I think many of the issues you've highlighted will change over time with culture. Pretty sure the last thing I read on car ownership among the young is that it is a significantly less important social signifier for them than previous generations.
Just anecdotally, when I passed my test in the late '90s car ownership by friends my age in London was probably higher than it is now, and of those people work or kids has been the main motivating factor. Everyone wanted a car, even if it was a heap of shit. I'd be surprised if very many 17yos in London do now.