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it is wrong to assume they don't
I'm not assuming they don't, I'm just countering the frequent assertion that there's magic involved in rim-braked wheels which somehow allows braking to occur without affecting the spokes, and that by contrast everything which happens to the spokes under disc-braking is the fault of the torque applied to the hub by the rotor.
What is certainly different is that brake loads from rim brakes are shared equally between the left and right sets of spokes, but disc brake loads bear more heavily on the rotor side. This makes me wonder whether the aero bike makers ought to consider two discs, as each could be smaller than a single disc, and halving the torque load on the rotor side would permit a lower spoke count.
And that's before you even throw in the preloads and components which are not fully kinematically constrained.