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Execution is not the only means by which the state kills people in order to enforce laws. The police are legally entitled to use force to prevent the comissioning of crimes, to apprehend offenders and to put people in custody, up and and including lethal force. Ultimately, all laws are backed up by the power of the state to physically coerce its citizens, up to and including lethal force. @mdcc_tester is spot on on this point. Quite often the state will just give up and go away, and leave laws unenforced - hence the vast amount of unpaid fines - but the threat of physical violence underpins any justice system.
They haven't got around to killing anybody for that lately, AFAIK. It's not that they kill everybody who resists, or even many, just that at the margin they have to be prepared to, and are permitted to, do so for any law. It's always worth remembering this whenever you think a new law is needed.