• What, to your mind, is a hard Brexit Oliver? Maybe, very politely, we are coming at this from different definitions.

  • There are obviously degrees of it. The hardest is 'no deal'/sabre-rattling/'we won't pay the precious £39bn' and so on. Most often I've seen it defined as pivoted on rejecting a customs union and single market membership. That's probably too 'thin' an account and you need to say a few more things about other aspects to fully define it, e.g. what will be put in the place of the aspects of those two, which new things then become separate aspects, e.g. an immigration policy to replace freedom of movement.

    Then it becomes a bit of a Sorites problem where you draw the dividing line--which conciliatory or collaborative element that you add to that tips it over into becoming 'soft'? Remaining in a customs union? Guaranteeing the rights of EU citizens? Remaining in the single market? I think Labour have enough good ambitions in there to signal very clearly that they want a soft 'Brexit', but as above their position is probably not one they could successfully negotiate with the EU (much though I think they would gain some small advantage by coming to it with a better attitude than David Davis, and Starmer would be far better than Davis at leading negotiations, they would still face an uphill struggle given the EU's insistence on single market aspects etc.).

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