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https://www.reflectalite.com/circuits.html
This looks like a good reference to me, which you might have already seen?
For the switch, think about where you want it and the functionality you want. Where you place it in the circuit in relation to the capacitor is going to influence what's going to happen to the standlight. You can either: cut off power from the dynamo, which will leave the standlight on as the capacitor discharges or cut off current flow to the lamp, which will give you the capability to fully switch off the light when you like
Yeah I think I've figured out the wiring order (?): voltage regulator -> switch -> rectifier to DC -> capacitor -> lights -> ground. But don't know what stuff to get specifically. Eagerly awaiting your next reply!