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If you wanna use Shimano bar end shifters with Shimano mountain bike rear mech, you would need something like Wolftooth TanPan or Jtek which is slightly cheaper.
Yeah, aside from the 7/8/9-speed MTB mechs which use the 1.7 ratio (same as 10-speed road) so that would work without the TanPan. Assuming the chain fits on the jockey wheels properly that is. You'd need a derailleur like this.
But sounds like Microshift is the best option for Shimano users.
If you wanna use Shimano bar end shifters with Shimano mountain bike rear mech, you would need something like Wolftooth TanPan or Jtek which is slightly cheaper.
Microshift make an MTN version of bar end shifters already indexed for MTB rear mechs, so no Tanpan or Jtek needed.