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For cycling injury I'd suspect a great number went to emergency room for a broken wrist/arm/leg/collar bone/whatever and had head injury recorded as a secondary injury. Without a helmet they would examine and find nothing so record nothing, with a helmet they examine and find "well something happened as the helmet is damaged so I'm going to put broken wrist and minor/possible head injury". It's not a lie it's just how the results can be distorted by the way we record/examine/perceive things.
If you study statistics you soon learn it's very hard to isolate statistics well especially when taking them from another persons study where the means of data collection wasn't specifically designed to isolate the statistic you are interested in preserving.
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Clockwise
For what you say about these statistics to be true, i.e that many of the recorded incidents involved no injury, it would make this statement above the stats a lie:
"the number of sports related head injuries seen in hospital emergency rooms:" Ambulance staff rarely take un-injured people to ER.
I think a bigger problem with the stats is they are not recorded against time spent engaged in the sport, or against number of individuals involved in the sport, without which they mean little.
I've fallen off my bike twice this week on the ice and I have a sore wrist and shoulder.