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I think car crashes and falls are the top two
Data from the US:
US are:Falls 28% - most commonly affecting children aged up to 4 years and adults over 75 years
Motor vehicle accidents 20% - highest among people aged 15-19 years
Struck by/against events 19% - including colliding with a moving or stationary object. About 1.6-3.8 million sports and recreation-related TBI occur in the USA annually. Most are mild and receive no hospital or emergency treatment
Assaults 11%- TBIs caused by firearm use are the leading cause of deaths related to TBI. 90% of patients with a firearm-related TBI die. Nearly two thirds of TBIs caused by firearms are classified as suicidal with intent. For military personnel in war zones, the leading cause of TBI are blasts. In the majority of cases, the skull remains intact and the damage is thought to be caused by a pressure wave from the explosion which passes through the brain causing injury
Non motorized pedal cycles (bicycles, tricycles, etc.) 3%
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skydancer
Or even where the activity is considered normal and the significant risk of head injury is tolerated.
Remind me, what activity is the major cause of admission to hospital with a head injury?