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  • So Large is over 1000?

    Which 1000 are you talking about? The trigger for enquiry is 1000ng/ml in urine, because that is the maximum elimination rate expected from somebody taking 1600μg/day spread normally throughout the day. The permitted daily dose is 1.6mg inhaled, one example of a study which found anabolic effects used 16mg orally every day for 9 weeks. The whole point of inhaling β2 agonists is that they bind to the β2 receptors in the airways and, presumably, don't fall off until they break, so the active group is not available to other systems to provide other effects even compared with alternative routes of administration of the same dose.

  • I just don't understand how the trigger can be half what his sample contained and it's a grey area

    How is this hard to understand? He needs to explain why his sample was any number over 1000, it doesn't matter if it's 1001 or 10000. If he can't satisfy the anti-doping authority that his number was consistent with permitted doses, his adverse analytical finding turns into an anti-doping rule violation. It might seem like an imperfect regulation, but it's what we have because the knowledge of pharmacokinetics is also imperfect - when you're trying to measure how much somebody took by how much they excrete, you're in a grey area because the relation between the two is only known at a population level, not for any particular individual.

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