-
Bjorn is fine. The E50 is still ok to ride on. Here's the junction that he would have taken to turn off the E50 on to the 18 after that service station:-
https://goo.gl/maps/ovDftMFTQ5N2
It becomes the D1 motorway (prohibited for bikes) after that point so he was ok, you can see the motorway signs a bit further along.
Greenbank-
Yes, there's a sign that indicates the start of motorway status. The road's already marked as D1 well before that junction, so just the status as D1 doesn't automatically ban bikes.
This junction looks very hazardous to me.
It seems to be a bit of a bodge job from when they constructed the motorway section. Drivers are prohibited from entering road 18 there (which is undoubtedly also why Björn continued to the service station there) by means of a sign and a solid white line. You bet that plenty of drivers will take chances there, though. This bit is also very good:
I daresay many people will disobey the banned turn and the 'no vehicles of any kind' sign there.
Oliver Schick
I can't work out what happened there--the tracking points are few and far between. Perhaps that section isn't a prohibited road. There's a toll station there, but it looks from the aerial imagery as if it may be for HGVs only. If you look a little further west, there's a very odd tracking point that seems to be in the middle of a field, so either the tracker's not very accurate or he went there to sleep or something.