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So do they add 'no cycling' signs to the "Kraftfahrstraße" signage to make it clearer (people often don't understand that blue signs can have a prescriptive meaning, I think) or is there a separate category of Bundesstraße that's off-limits to cycling (as shown by the cycling-specific sign, which I've definitely seen in that kind of use) but not designated as a "Kraftfahrstraße"? I thought the only legal basis was the "Kraftfahrstraße" legislation. (I haven't lived in Germany for a long time, so really have no idea beyond the roads I use for riding when I'm here.)
Oliver Schick-
Yes and no.
"Kraftfahrstraßen" or "Schnellstraßen" as well as "Autobahnen" are generally off-limits to cyclists and pedestrians. So there's no need for an extra sign. They all have the distinctive blue signs."Bundesstraßen" are usually allowed for cyclists, but in some parts they aren't which is then shown by the sign.
This is because "Bundesstraßen" can vary greatly in size. The larger a street seems, the higher the possibility to be cars only, I guess.
Murphy's_Law
Yep.
Usually you may ride on "Bundesstraßen" which are marked by the yellow signs like these:
(look for the numbers in the yellow boxes)
unless they have the "no bikes" sign like this:
Which may or may not exist, depending on the size of the road. On some roads there is a bike road next to the car road, but no guarantees.
Any big rectangular blue signs are "Autobahn", which means cars only.
If you have any questions regarding german road legality, hit me up, I've got the "Führerschein"