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The most robust form of mudguard, even alu despite being very light, can crack if mounted incorrectly.
Plastic guard like SKS are more of a compromise, doesn't really reduced side spray, the stay mount are on the inside (water pour out on the stay), heavy stay to compensate for the flexy nature of the mudguard and not long enough in some cases (longboard have excellent coverage but a lots weaker near the flap because the stay doesn't extend further down).
It shouldn't, if you build it up right, it can last the whole winter with miminal maintenance.
Full length steel mudguards with flap, 8 speed trainmission, koolstop salmon/swissstop BXP, big tyres etc. can go a long way compared to running a road bike with filmsy Crud Roadracer with a 105 11 speed drivetrain.