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Terbutaline, the bronchodilator taken by Yates.
No threshold limits currently exist for terbutaline. For terbutaline, athletes can be granted a TUE, then administer the drug via inhalation at supratherapeutic doses with impunity.
http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2016/07/26/bjsports-2016-096453.abstract
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No threshold limits currently exist for terbutaline.
This came up during Yates' trial-by-forum, AFAIK WADA are sponsoring research into the pharmacokinetics in order to determine an excretion threshold which would correspond with normal therapeutic use. A TUE specifies the permitted dose, so exceeding that is already doping, it's just hard to prove until there's solid science to correlate urinary excretion with dosing.
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/apr/29/elite-athletes-asthma-simon-yates-team-sky-swimmers