How can you tell if your hub bearings are...in need of service?
If you have to ask, it's time for a service :-)
Take the wheel out of the bike and turn the axle, then give it a little pull in all directions. If it doesn't rotate freely but with negligible free-play, the bearings are fucked. Free-play should be able to be felt but not seen at the axle, it turns out that your fingers have about an order of magnitude higher resolution than your eyes.
If you have to ask, it's time for a service :-)
Take the wheel out of the bike and turn the axle, then give it a little pull in all directions. If it doesn't rotate freely but with negligible free-play, the bearings are fucked. Free-play should be able to be felt but not seen at the axle, it turns out that your fingers have about an order of magnitude higher resolution than your eyes.