The problem with an extension is making it stiff enough to resist twisting when shifting.
Filing the slot would buy you a couple of mm, provided the clamp still fully mates with the braze-on, otherwise you'll likely have the same problem as with an extension.
FD are cheap enough so Yoav's suggestion of using a triple is worth a punt, or possibly one of the newer FD that can handle both compact and standard rings, eg Campag from 2009 onwards.
The problem with an extension is making it stiff enough to resist twisting when shifting.
Filing the slot would buy you a couple of mm, provided the clamp still fully mates with the braze-on, otherwise you'll likely have the same problem as with an extension.
FD are cheap enough so Yoav's suggestion of using a triple is worth a punt, or possibly one of the newer FD that can handle both compact and standard rings, eg Campag from 2009 onwards.