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There's only so many commands you need for "turn on" and "turn off", which is the main instruction that the thermostat unit is sending to the boiler.
The complexity is in the control unit itself.
My boiler has a mechanical timer - a clock tells the boiler to be on, or to be off. I'm swapping it out with a wireless programmable unit - it's a case of unplugging one, and plugging in the other (by and large).
Yeah, so there is a standard or at least a few 'standards' when it comes to controlling heating units? Not sure I want it sending data like 'no one is home' to a server somewhere though.