Does anyone know what this thingy is called
If it has a name, it probably something like 'adjustable B-stop'. Usually I'd suggest downloading the spare parts catalogue from campagnolo.com to obtain the actual part number, but that looks older than their archive, so I wouldn't hold out any hope of getting one even if you knew the number. Probably best to start searching/asking for the same model of dérailleur in non-functioning condition and make sure that whatever turns up has that part whatever else is missing/broken.
Thanks! I have since found a part from a broken one in the LBS parts bin as suggested!
@guyfriday started
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If it has a name, it probably something like 'adjustable B-stop'. Usually I'd suggest downloading the spare parts catalogue from campagnolo.com to obtain the actual part number, but that looks older than their archive, so I wouldn't hold out any hope of getting one even if you knew the number. Probably best to start searching/asking for the same model of dérailleur in non-functioning condition and make sure that whatever turns up has that part whatever else is missing/broken.