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the larger jump on the bigger sprocket
Which larger jump? If you had a 14-28 5-speed* block, you'd be looking at jumping 24 to 28 as your last shift, which is a 14% drop. On a 12-36 10-speed cassette, the last shift is from 32 to 36, an 11% drop
The whole gear range, taking a TA Cyclotouriste 42/28 to a 14-28 block vs. a 36T single to a SRAM 12-36 cassette goes like this:
Old:
80" 66" 56".. 53".. 47"..44"..40"..37" 31" 27"
.. = double shift
New:
80" 74" 64" 57" 51" 44" 38" 34" 30" 27"By avoiding the near duplications, the 1×10 provides more even gear spacing over the same range.
*It was the same on 6-speed, but the middle gears were nicer. 14-28 6-speed was a 14-24 5-speed with a 28 tacked on the end.
I don't know, technically it's a better arrangement, but the larger jump on the bigger sprocket made it harder to find the sweet spot.