Yes, but there are still some alloys that are stiffer than others.
No, not among aluminium alloys* suitable for bicycle manufacture, to any extent worth considering. There is about 5% difference in elastic modulus between the stiffest and least stiff, but nobody picks their alloy based on that, it's strength which comes first since all the vaguely useful alloys are adequately stiff once your component has been designed strong enough, so designers tend to look for stronger alloys in order to use less material.
No, not among aluminium alloys* suitable for bicycle manufacture, to any extent worth considering. There is about 5% difference in elastic modulus between the stiffest and least stiff, but nobody picks their alloy based on that, it's strength which comes first since all the vaguely useful alloys are adequately stiff once your component has been designed strong enough, so designers tend to look for stronger alloys in order to use less material.
*and even less so among alloy steels